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Table of Contents Directed Writing for O Level Exams Directed writing, also known as  guided composition , is a key component of O Level English examinations and other similar assessments. Unlike free writing, which allows candidates to choose their own content and style, directed writing requires students to respond to specific instructions or stimuli. While the format may differ, the  essential writing skills remain the same : clear organisation, accuracy, creativity, and appropriate use of language. Success in directed writing depends on consistent preparation and practice rather than last-minute memorisation. Key Features of Directed Writing 1. Organise Writing into Clear Paragraphs The syllabus requires candidates to write continuous prose—not notes or bullet points. Each composition should be structured into: Introduction  – introduces the task and sets the tone. Body  – develops ideas in logical, coherent paragraphs. Conclusion  – summa...

Table of Contents Introduction The beginning of a speech is more than just a formality—it is the moment when the speaker establishes a connection with the audience. A good introduction sets the tone, sparks interest, and signals that the rest of the speech is worth listening to. Much like an appetiser before a hearty meal, if the introduction fails, the audience may assume the rest of the speech will be equally disappointing. This is why every speaker should craft their opening with care, ensuring it is both engaging and respectful. One phrase that has become common in many formal gatherings is  “all protocols observed.”  But does this expression truly serve its purpose? Let’s explore its effectiveness—and the alternatives speakers can use to start well. The Problem with “All Protocols Observed” The phrase  “all protocols observed”  is widely used in political rallies, churches, funerals, and school ceremonies. However, it is not standard English, ...