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THE TIES THAT BIND CHAPTER 3  By Kosam Ndlovu The chapter opens with contrasting tones. There is tension between optimism and pessimism symbolised by “the solid black gate” that “reluctantly” opens. The gate that opens reluctantly indicates hope for a better future for characters particularly Lincoln and Chiedza.   The element of pessimism is brought out through symbolism conveyed by the “black” and “solid” nature of the gate. The black colour suggests bleakness while the solid states denotes difficulties. This reflects the emotional agony which Lincoln is going through as he contemplates the prospect of having a romantic relationship with Chiedza. He regards his health status as a stumbling block to this relationship which he desperately needs. The gate that opens, albeit reluctantly, parallels the bright future that lies ahead of Lincoln’s life. It heralds the era in his life, unclouded by his gory past wh...

THE TIES THAT BIND CHAPTER 2 By Kosam Ndlovu The second chapter of the text The Ties that Bind focuses on thematising mainly poverty, among other issues. Abject poverty affects many a youngster, making it impossible for them to reach their potential. through flashback, the difficult life Jackie experienced as a child is highlighted. The writer employs a Biblical allusion to illustrate the challenges youngsters encounter while growing up in poverty stricken families and communities. Reference is made to the story of Daniel who was thrown into the lion’s den following his adamant attitude of praying to God, contrary to the decree of king Darius the Medes. However, Daniel is miraculously saved from being eaten by the lions. This allusion demonstrates how difficult it is for the youths to find focus and direction within an environment that is not supportive as a result of poverty and orphanhood. The intervention of the Masosa family in the social and educational life of Jackie demonstra...

THE TIES THAT BIND CHAPTER 1 By Kosam Ndlovu The first chapter of the text The Ties That Bind is expository in nature. The major characters as well as the major themes are highlighted for further exploration in the subsequent chapters. Through the use of suspense and foreshadowing, the reader is kept spellbound by the fascinating multi-plotting presented in this introductory chapter. Told from the third person omniscient perspective, the reader has a panoramic view of the entire scope of the issues that are brought out physically and through the thinking processes of the characters. Jacqueline is portrayed as an individual with authority and confidence. The onomatopoeic   clanking sound of her shoes emphasises her self-assertive character with regards to her professionalism in conducting her duties as a law practitioner and her personality. The foregrounding of Jackie (Jacqueline) as a confident law practitioner, hints on her prudence and keen judgement of character which becom...